Yoshida Doctrine&Fukuda Doctrine

eW$V't:[%M(j2HL0The Yoshida Doctrine, named after Japan's post-World War II Prime Minister Shigeru Yoshida, involved placing highest national priority on economic development, while simultaneously keeping a low diplomatic profile.^[1]齐鲁公社$tsIVAx x

Yoshida's aim was to focus all available means on an economic recovery after World War II while leaving Japan's military defense to the United States. Repeated attempts by the United States to get Japan to increase its military expenditure were rejected by Yoshida on the basis of Japan's pacifist postwar constitution, in particular Article 9 under which Japan renounces "war as a sovereign right of the nation and the threat or use of force as means of settling international disputes." Thanks to this policy of focusing on trade and technological advances, Yoshida envisioned a speedy economic recovery through which Japan would be able to once again become a major world power (at which point Japan would be in a position to rearm). His policy was thus not rooted in pacifism but was in line with the realist foreign policy that's been a dominating force in Japan's approach to international relations since the Meiji Restoration. Its traditional goal has been to capitalize on the trends of international politics in order to increase Japanese influence and standing throughout the world.

The Yoshida Doctrine was the basic tenet of Japan's foreign policy throughout the Cold War.

:A+P| sS1v$s!oe01946年上台的吉田茂（见左图）是现任日本外相麻生太郎的外祖父，他也是日本战后最负盛名、最有影响力的首相之一。他当政7年，被称为日本“复兴之父”。他所制定的“吉田路线”在外交上将战败的日本在国际上重新定位，而且在内政上奠定了日本经济起飞的基础。

　　吉田茂深信：“历史为一个在战争中失败的国家提供了通过外交而获胜的机会。”他的一个基本判断是，战败的日本必须集中精力发展经济，恢复元气，主张日本在国际政治上紧紧追随美国，借美军来保卫日本；同时，严格限制军费开支，避免卷入冷战。在他看来，日本重整军力应当在恢复元气之后，当时“要求修宪的政治家全是一群笨蛋”。齐鲁公社&Jb&T6Q+j

k]#w3^_0　　由于吉田茂一直执行和平的“复兴路线”，因此他一度成为日本右翼刺杀的对象。

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7F#y2\)_%N|W k+Q(Z4I+q/v0The Fukuda Doctrine was asserted by the late Japanese Prime Minister Takeo Fukuda. In 1977, while on a tour of the ASEAN member states, the former prime minister made a speech in Manila in which he articulated Japan's foreign policy that later became known as the Fukuda Doctrine.齐鲁公社(W"A4n\,J ak+g]"],s

Prime Minister Fukuda pledged that Japan, a country committed to peace, would never become a military power and that Japan would build up relationship of mutual confidence and trust with Southeast Asian countries in wide-ranging fields, and that Japan would cooperate positively with ASEAN and its member countries in their own efforts, as an equal partner.

The Fukuda Doctrine serves as the foundation of Japan's current and future diplomacy toward the rest of Asia.